Monday, January 14, 2013

INFECTION CONTROL 7




Procedures in the Case of Accidental Injury

Should the operator or assistant be accidentally pricked, e.g. needle-stick injury, the site of entry should be immediately encouraged to bleed, should be thoroughly washed with warm, soapy water, and a sterile dressing applied. An entry should be made in the Accident or Infection Book, with the date, circumstances, names of those present and the time and name of the patient, nature of accident, and final outcome on follow up entered later on. All this information will be of great help in case of outbreak of infection in the hospital and preventing future outbreaks.

Sterilizing and Disinfecting Instruments

Sterilization is the destruction of all living organisms.

     An item may only be sterile or nonsterile.

     It cannot be nearly sterile.

     Disinfection, on the other hand is the reduction of a popula­tion of pathogenic microorganisms without achieving sterility.

     In these cases not all bacterial spores are destroyed.

      Antiseptics are used in the skin to prevent infection. They are milder than disinfectants, e.g. iodine, hydrogen peroxide and chlorpexadine.

      There are four methods of sterilizing or disinfecting instru­ments in general practice:

1.   Antiseptic solutions.

2.   Boiling.

3.   Hot air ovens.
4.   Autoclave.

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