SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS Diagnostic used in OT

SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS More special nstruments

         The other special instruments in use are:

         •       Thompson lithotrite (Fig. 8.117)

         •       Turner Warwick calculus foreceps (Fig. 8.118)

         •       Rendal renal calculus forceps (Figs 8.119A to C)

         •       Millins boomrang needle (Fig. 8.120)

         •       Dupuytren’s aneurysm needle (Fig. 8.121)

         •       Joll aneurysm needle (Fig. 8.122)

         •       Syme aneurysm needle (Fig. 8.123)

         •       Satinsky clamp (Fig. 8.124)

         •       DeBakey aortic clamp (Fig. 8.125)

         •       Mini bulldog clamp (Fig. 8.126)

         •       Varicose stripper (Fig. 8.127)

         •       Dissectors (Mac Donald/Durham/Watson-Cheyne) (Fig. 8.128).

         Thompson lithotrie is used for crushing stones inside the urinary bladder the stone pieces are then sucked out under negative pressure this avoids opening the bladder.

         Turner-Warwick calculus forceps and Rendal renal calculus forceps are used to hold stones within the upper urinary tracts after exposing the kidney and ureter by surgery.

         Millins boombrang needle is an instrument used to stitch the capsule of the prostate after a retropubic prostectomy.

         Dupuytren’s aneurysm needle, Joll’s aneurysm needle, Syme’s aneurysm needle are blunt needles with handles for passing behind vascular pedicles after they have been cleanly dissected the eye with the thread helps to deliver it behind the pedicle which can thus be ligated

         Satinsky’s vena cava clamp is for holding the side of a vein opening it or repairing it.

         DeBakey’s aortic clamp is for holding the aorta or a part of it is closed during vascular operations.

         Mini bulldog clamp serves a similar purpose for smaller arteries.

         Varicose stripper used for stripping varicose veins. Dissectors are used to separate structures along tissue planes.

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SURGICAL INSTRUMENT Special 17 Biopsy

Special Instruments

To obtain tissue for histopathologic examination is an important part of a surgeon’s functions. Scrappings from cavities are obtained by Volkmann Scoop and Sims uterine curet. Menghini needle and Silverman needle obtain access through unbroken skin and Walton rectal biopsy forceps and Chevalier Jackson biopsy forceps are for obtaining biopsy material under vision through proctoscope or a sigmoidoscope.

         Biopsy instruments are used for obtaining material for histologic examination and those in use are:

•       Volkmann’s scoop (Fig. 8.112)

•       Sim’s uterine curet (Fig. 8.113)

•       Menghini needle (Fig. 8.114)

•       Silverman needle (Fig. 8.115)

•       Chevalier-Jackson biopsy forceps (Fig. 8.116)

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SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS 16 Probes & Dilators

Probes and Dilators

Probes are used to gain entry to small (openings) to get information about their depth, direction and size; they are usually blunt ended.

Dilators are used to investigate the patency and dilate hollow tubular passages.

         Infection trauma and surgical accidents can result in healing by second intention in hollow organs this result in strictures.

         In the past these strictures have been treated by dilatation.

         The dilators have been made of metal or gum elastic. The agreed gauge has been utilized to ensure uniform size in all the sets.

         This also helps the surgeon to choose the correct sized dilator. As dilatations are done gradually over a period of the time, the surgeon records the degree of dilatation achieved so as to start at the next level on the subsequent attendance.

         Corticosteroids can also be used to minimum edema and fibrosis.

         The dilators in use are:

         •       Lister (Fig. 8.106A)

         •       Clutton (Fig. 8.106B)

         •       Tuner-Warwick (Fig. 8.107)

         •       Canny Ryall bougie (Fig. 8.108)

         •       Jackson esophageal bougie (Fig. 8.109)

         •       Neoplex (Fig. 8.110)

         •       Bake’s bile duct (Fig. 8.111).

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