Operating Microscopes
introduction
The use of magnification has been a
recent addition to a surgeons’ instrument list.
Loupes and magnifying glasses
have been used in the past but operating microscopes have improved the clarity
of the vision, the depth of focus and the lightening of the operation site and
such complicated two layer suture on small structures can be performed quickly,
accurately and in comfort with no strain on the neck muscles. Most operating
microscope are:
1. Floor
mounted (Fig.above).
2. Ceiling
mounted (Fig.above).
Features of
an Operating Microscope
• Hand
operation or foot operation.
• Automatic
focus and zoom.
• Assistant
microscope view arm.
• Camera
attachment arm.
Basic Uses
The operating microscope is used for
two purposes:
• The
first is to provide a magnified view of small structures (small vessel and
nerve anastomosis).
• The
second is to provide a magnified view of larger structures upon which more
precise surgical procedcure needs to be performed (Disc surgery).
Types of
Operating Microscopes
There are two basic types of operating
microscope, with several variations, depending upon the surgical specialty
involved.
• The
first is the manual type, featuring hand controlled fixed magnification
stepwise (6x, 9x...) and control knobs for focus
• The
second type is the zoom system, this has the advantage of offering continuous
magnification through the whole range of the magnification of the system
including focus through foot controls.
Controls
In the case of the manual microscope,
all controls such as focusing, magnification change and tilt of the microscope
are done by hand knobs.
• These
can be covered with sterilizable rubber caps provided with the microscope
• The
complete instrument can be draped with a loose sterile plastic drape and
the knobs adjusted through this drape.
With motorized microscopes, the
functions are normally controlled by a foot switch
• The
controls can be built into a specially designed operating chair
• Alternatively
a hand switch, inserted into a sterile plastic bag for use during operation.
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